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Professor Joe Cain

UCL Professor of History and Philosophy of Biology

Bluebells in High Park Wood, East Sussex, April 2026
  • Synthesis Period
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HomeProjectsSynthesis Period

Synthesis Period

Professor Joe Cain has specialist research interests in the synthesis period of evolutionary studies, 1930s-1940s. Often called the “evolutionary synthesis,” this period witnessed major changes in theory, practice, and community for evolutionary studies. It also witnessed the growth of organisational infrastructure associated with the subject, such as the journal Evolution and the Society fo the the Study of Evolution.

Theodosius Dobzhansky (1900-1975) was an experimental population geneticist and Soviet émigré to the US. In 1943, he visited Professor Andre Drefus in Sao Paolo as part of a US “good neighbour” programme. In this photograph, Dobzhansky (centre) and two unnamed Brazilian colleagues are trapping Drosophila fruit flies in nearby forest. Dobzhansky was key to the synthesis period.
Edited Books

Descended from Darwin – Context for the Evolutionary Synthesis

The synthesis period in evolutionary studies (most people call this the “evolutionary synthesis”) of the 1930s and 1940 has had a standard narrative for many years, but pressure has increasing for a revision. Descended from Darwin: […]
Evolution - A Journal of Nature - sample covers
Blog

Pro-Evolution Magazine “Evolution: A Journal of Nature,” 1927-1938

This page provides information about this pro-evolution magazine, otherwise lost, from the 1920s and 1930s. It was devoted to promoting the teaching of evolution in US public schools. It was titled, Evolution: A Journal of […]
Evolution - A Journal of Nature - sample covers
Evolution- Journal of Nature

Evolution: A Journal of Nature – contents listed, sorted by author

This page lists articles appearing in Evolution: A Journal of Nature with contents sorted by issue, then author. This data is available as an Endnote file (Evolution – A Journal of Nature – Complete Table of […]
Evolution - A Journal of Nature - sample covers
Evolution- Journal of Nature

Evolution: A Journal of Nature – contents listed, sorted by issue number

This page lists articles appearing in Evolution: A Journal of Nature with contents sorted by issue, then author. This data is available as an Endnote file (Evolution – A Journal of Nature – Complete Table of […]
Sewall Wright Taught Me - Evolution - lecture notes Robert E Sloan
Euston Grove Press | Catalogue

Sewall Wright Taught Me series: Evolution, Genetics, Physiological Genetics | EGP

The mathematical population geneticist and evolutionary biologist Sewall Wright taught throughout his long career. Between 1926-1955, he worked at the University of Chicago. During this time, he developed and taught both undergraduate and graduate courses. […]

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  • Scientists in Westminster Abbey – Directory
  • Scientists in Westminster Abbey – Floorplan
  • Medical Cards for Croydon Schoolchildren 1920s-1930s
  • HPSC0028 History of Life Sciences
  • HPSC0010 History of Modern Science

Images From Galleries

Robert Fitzroy head stone and grave, All Saints Church, Upper Norwood, London, England Pterodactyl (Oolite) statues, restored 2000, damaged after 2005, Crystal Palace Dinosaurs | ProfJoeCain Statue from Rapa Nui (Easter Island) in the British Museum, Hoa Hakananai’a (or Stolen Friend) Flight of the Langoustine, by Pierre Diamantopoulo MRSS. It is made of four life-size bronze figures flying through a steel grid. It was inspired by a discarded and mangled lobster pot that the artist had found on Brighton beach. In his imagination, the washed-up object that had seemingly helped the lobsters escape, translated itself into a wider story of human exodus and release – a dash for freedom. Diamantopoulo describes the figures as “at once profound, frivolous and boisterous, occupying the air like a flock of birds and inspired by modern dance choreography”. Bronze casting at Milwyn Foundry and fabrication of the steel grid and assembly by Art Fabrications. The sculpture weighs 2.2 tonnes and measures approximately 3.5 metres high and 3 meters wide. Flight of the Langoustine was inaugurated on the Hove Plinth on 17 September 2023. Bernissart Iguanodons Case 99 Humans (Homo sapiens sapiens) Case 32 looking to end case [A] Parrots Excavation display of the Bernissart Iguanodons Excavation display of the Bernissart Iguanodons AMNH-321741-Speciation-on-islands-hi Case 40

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Professor Joe Cain 2026